Tensions rose in Clay County as the Mormon population grew. which rallied the Mormons and allowed them to drive off their opponents.[36]. [13], With the refusal of the Governor or Legislature to intervene, and having surrendered the bulk of their firearms, Mormons were left nearly defenseless to face the mob. [53] On October 18, these Mormons began to act as vigilantes and marched under arms in three groups to the Missourian settlements of Gallatin, Millport and Grindstone Fork. [51][52] Although he was sympathetic to the Mormons' plight, Doniphan reminded the Latter Day Saints that the Caldwell County militia could not legally enter Daviess County, and he advised Mormons traveling there to go in small parties and unarmed. Parks wrote his superior, General Atchison, that "a word from his Excellency would have more power to quell this affair than a regiment. Most Mormon immigrants to Missouri (which was at the time a, This page was last edited on 29 December 2020, at 08:25. The Missouri Mormon War of 1838 was one of the saddest in Missouri history; it was a period or confrontation and violence. [25][26], At the same time Mormons, including Sampson Avard, began to organize a secret society known as the Danites, whose purposes included obeying the church presidency "right or wrong" and expelling the dissenters from Caldwell County. Their economic cohesion allowed the Mormons to dominate local economies. Hinkle and Murdock refused, citing their right as American citizens to settle where they pleased. . [61] None of these claims, however, purport to be eye-witness accounts. Even people who otherwise would have had no sympathy for the Mormons were appalled by Boggs' Executive Order and the treatment of the Mormons by the mobs. Doniphan already had troops raised to prevent fighting between Mormons and anti-Mormons in Daviess County. Although Mormons won the battle, they took heavier casualties than the Militia, only one of whom, Moses Rowland, was killed. Having taken control of the Missourian settlements, the Mormons plundered the property and burned the stores and houses. "If found, they will be shot down like dogs," warned Hyrum. Lathrop wrote "I was compeled[sic] to leave my home my house was thronged with a company of armed men consisting of fourteen in number and they abusing my family in allmost[sic] every form that Creturs[sic] in the shape of human Beeings[sic] could invent. Stripped of their property, the Mormons were then given a few months to leave the state. [100], General Clark viewed Executive Order 44 as having been fulfilled by the agreement of the Mormons to evacuate the state the following spring. The specific dates of the war are from August 6, 1838, (the Gallatin election battle) to November 1, 1838, when Joseph Smith surrendered at Far West. To William Wines Phelps, a fellow Latter Day Saint and witness to the events, Hinkle wrote: "When the facts were laid before Joseph, did he not say, 'I will go'; and did not the others go with him, and that, too, voluntarily, so far as you and I were concerned? Fire and Sword: A History of the Latter-day Saints in Northern Missouri, 1836-39 (ebook Part 1) (Kindle Locations 60-61). [102] Mormon residents were harassed and attacked by angry residents who were no longer restrained by militia officers. [86], Colonel Hinkle rode to the church leaders in Far West and informed them of the offered terms. [27] Two days after Rigdon preached his Salt Sermon, 80 prominent Mormons, including Hyrum Smith, signed the so-called Danite Manifesto, which warned the dissenters to "depart or a more fatal calamity shall befall you". William Bowman, one of the guards, was dragged by his hair across the town square. When Joseph Smith and volunteers rode to Adam-ondi-Ahman to assess the situation, they discovered there were no truths to the rumors. Mormon leaders appealed to the state legislature to overturn the requirement that they leave the state, but the legislature tabled the issue until a date well after that when the Mormons would have left the state. To William Wines Phelps, a fellow Latter-day Saint and witness to the events, Hinkle wrote: "When the facts were laid before Joseph, did he not say, 'I will go'; and did not the others go with him, and that, too, voluntarily, so far as you and I were concerned?"[93][94]. Smith was charged for treason but escaped custody and fled to Illinois with the remainder of the estimated 10,000 Missouri Mormons, establishing the new settlement of Nauvoo. Unfortunately, the shop had large gaps between the logs which the Missourians shot into and, as one Mormon later recalled, it became more "slaughter-house rather than a shelter. One of the Mormons present, Samuel Brown, claimed that Peniston's statements were false and then declared his intention to vote. The exact circumstances that allowed for him to escape are not certain. He stated that General Parks reported to him that "a portion of the men from Carroll County, with one piece of artillery, are on their march for Daviess County, where it is thought the same lawless game is to be played over, and the Mormons to be driven from that county and probably from Caldwell County." "[60], The Missourians evicted from their homes were no better prepared than the Mormon refugees had been. Anti-Mormon Missourians destroy a Mormon press, the Evening and Morning Star office, and tar and feather two Mormon leaders, including Bishop Edward Partridge. 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